Composition of matter for artificial fuel.



UNITED STATES .Patented December 8, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

AUGUST LOHMANN, OF DALLAS, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO H. FREEMAN, OF DALLAs TEXAS.

COMPOSITION OF MATTER FOR ARTIFICIALFUEL.

- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'No. 746,118, dated December 8, 1903.

Application filed October 19, 1903. Serial No. 177,706. (No specimens.)

To all whom-it may-concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUST LOHMANN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented a new anduseful Composition of Matter for Artificial Fuel, of which the following is a specification.

The basis of my artificial fuel consists of coals in which the change from woody fiber has not progressed as far as is found to be the case in the harder coals. The kind of coal which I find most useful for my purpose is that known as lignite. Other coals having approximately the,saine qualities as lignite are equally or nearly equally useful. This coal is reduced to a powder, washed to free it from impurities, and is then ready for compounding. To cement this together into coherent masses or briquets of'suitablesize,

I mix it with a suitable binder and treat or form it in any briqueting-machine of approved type after it has been heated and is still warm. The basis of the binder which I employ and its principal ingredient is a hydrocarbon which may be extracted either from the lignite or crude oil. In fact, any heavy hydrocarbon sufficiently dense to be solid at ordinary temperatures may be employed. To this hydrocarbon I find it useful to add others in small quantities, such as asphaltum and paraffin.

It is necessary to provide fuels of this kind with some ingredient which will enable the briquets to keep their form during ignition, as otherwise the mass becomes soft and plastie and runs together somewhat like ordinary soft coal. This need I supply in the present composition by the use of pulverized clay or similar material, and preferably I employ the kind of clay known as kaolin, which is nearly pure aluminium silicate. To this I find it useful to add graphite, which seems to unite with the clay to a certain extent and is also useful in giving color and brilliancy to I prefer to use in the manufacture of my.

product; but it is to be fully understood that it is capable of variation as to the proportion, number, and character of the ingredients.

Formulct.-Lignite, eighty-nine per cent; hydrocarbon, eight per cent.; graphite, one

per cent; kaolin, one per cent.; asphaltum,

one-half per cent.; paraflin, one-half per cent. These proportions are by weight.

What I claim is=- 1; An artificial fuel consisting of coal, a hydrocarbon, graphite, kaolin, asphaltum and parafiin, substantially as described.

2. -An artificial fuel consisting of coal, a hydrocarbon, graphite, clay, asphaltum and paraffin, substantially as described.

3. An artificial fuel consisting of lignite, a hydrocarbon, clay, and asphaltum, substantially as described.

4. An artificial fuel consisting of lignite, a hydrocarbon, clay, asphaltum and paraffin, substantially as described. r

5. An artificial fuel consisting of lignite, a hydrocarbon, kaolin,asphaltum, and paraffin, substantially as described.

6. An artificial fuel consisting of lignite, a

hydrocarbon, graphite, kaolin, asphaltum, and paraffin, substantially as described.

graphite one per cent.; kaolin one per cent.;

asphaltuin one-half per cent; paraffin onehalf per cent. substantially as described.

AUGUST LOHMANN.

' Witnesses:

J. D. TOURAKER, CLAUDE M. MoOULLUM. 

